Study: Restaurant tobacco bans influence teen smoking

By Steve LeBlanc
Associated Press
Mon May 5, 7:06 PM ET
<http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080505/ap_on_he_me/teen_smoking_restaurant
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BOSTON - A Massachusetts study suggests that restaurant smoking bans may
play a big role in persuading teens not to become smokers. Youths who
lived in towns with strict bans were 40 percent less likely to become regular
smokers than those in communities with no bans or weak ones, the
researchers reported in the May issue of the Archives of Pediatrics &
Adolescent Medicine.
 
The findings back up the idea that smoking bans discourage tobacco use
in teens by sending the message that smoking is frowned upon in the
community, as well as simply by reducing their exposure to smokers in public
places,said Dr. Michael Siegel, of Boston University School of Public Health,
and the study's lead author.

"When kids grow up in an environment where they don't see smoking, they
are going to think it's not socially acceptable," he said. "If they perceive
a lot of other people are smoking, they think it's the norm."

Siegel and his colleagues tracked 2,791 children between ages 12 and 17
who lived throughout Massachusetts. There were no statewide restrictions
when the study began in 2001 but about 100 cities and towns had enacted a
hodgepodge of laws restricting smoking in workplaces, bars or restaurants.

The teens were followed for four years to see how many tried smoking and
how many eventually became smokers.

Overall, about 9 percent became smokers - defined as smoking more than
100 cigarettes.

In towns without bans or where smoking was restricted to a designated
area, that rate was nearly 10 percent. But in places with tough bans
prohibiting smoking in restaurants, just under 8 percent of the teens became
smokers.

The study found that having a smoker as a parent or a close friend was a
factor in predicting whether children experiment with cigarettes. But
strong bans had a bigger influence on whether smoking grew into a habit,
reducing their chances of becoming smokers by 40 percent.

"There is really no other smoking intervention program that could cut
almost in half the rate of smoking," Siegel said.

Age was also a factor. Smoking bans had a greater effect on younger
teens than on older teens.

The researchers said it's not clear whether strong bans would have the
same effect in other states since local towns adopted their restrictions as
part of an aggressive anti-smoking campaign throughout the state.

A statewide workplace smoking ban that included restaurants went into
effect in mid-2004. Since then, high school smoking rates in Massachusetts
have continued to decline, from about 21 percent of students in 2005 to
about 18 percent in 2007.

Many restaurant owners fought the ban, saying it could drive away
diners, according to Janine Harrod, director of government affairs for the
Massachusetts Restaurant Association, which represents 2,000 restaurant
owners.

While some restaurants were hurt initially, the effects have eased over
time since the ban applies to everyone, she said.

Bill Phelps, a spokesman for Altria, parent company of cigarette-maker
Philip Morris USA, said the study shows that the reasons teens take up
smoking are complex.

"There is no single reason why young people engage in risky behaviors
like smoking," he said. "We believe that there should be a multifaceted
approach to address youth smoking."

At least 23 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico require
most public places and workplaces, including restaurants and bars, to be
smoke free, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.

Another nine states ban smoking in workplaces but have various
exemptions for restaurants or bars.

"We already have more than enough evidence why we should pass these
smoke-free laws, but certainly this study should help push them along,"
said Danny McGoldick of the Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids.